{"id":10306,"date":"2010-04-09T15:18:59","date_gmt":"2010-04-09T14:18:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/botany.cz\/cs\/?p=10306"},"modified":"2022-03-13T12:42:45","modified_gmt":"2022-03-13T11:42:45","slug":"ophrys-mammosa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/botany.cz\/cs\/ophrys-mammosa\/","title":{"rendered":"OPHRYS MAMMOSA Desf. – to\u0159i\u010d \/ hmyzovn\u00edk"},"content":{"rendered":"

Syn.:<\/strong> Ophrys sphegodes<\/em> subsp. mammosa<\/em> (Desf.) So\u00f3 ex E. Nelson, Ophrys aranifera<\/em> subsp. mammosa<\/em> (Desf.) So\u00f3, Ophrys sphegodes<\/em> subsp. taurica<\/em> (Agg.) So\u00f3, Ophrys taurica<\/em> (Agg.) Nevski
\n\u010cele\u010f:<\/strong> Orchidaceae<\/a><\/em> – vstava\u010dovit\u00e9<\/p>\n

\"Ophrys<\/p>\n

Roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed:<\/strong> V\u00fdchodn\u00ed St\u0159edozem\u00ed a jih Balk\u00e1nsk\u00e9ho poloostrova, na severu are\u00e1l sah\u00e1 a\u017e do Bulharska, ji\u017en\u00edho Srbska a Alb\u00e1nie, na v\u00fdchod\u011b se objevuje je\u0161t\u011b na ukrajinsk\u00e9m Krymu a v gruz\u00ednsk\u00e9m z\u00e1padn\u00edm Zakavkazsku.<\/p>\n

Ekologie:<\/strong> Roste na travnat\u00fdch a k\u0159ovinat\u00fdch str\u00e1n\u00edch, garrigue, v lesn\u00edch lemech, \u010dasto na v\u00e1penci, v p\u00e1smu od pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed a\u017e do nadmo\u0159sk\u00e9 v\u00fd\u0161ky okolo 1000(\u20131400) m. Vykv\u00e9t\u00e1 od \u00fanora do kv\u011btna. <\/p>\n

\"Ophrys<\/p>\n

Popis:<\/strong> Vytrval\u00e1 bylina, 20\u201360(\u201370) cm vysok\u00e1. Lodyha je p\u0159\u00edm\u00e1, p\u0159\u00edzemn\u00ed listy vyr\u016fstaj\u00ed po 2\u20136, jsou podlouhle kopinat\u00e9 a\u017e eliptick\u00e9, horn\u00ed men\u0161\u00ed; kv\u011btenstv\u00ed je termin\u00e1ln\u00ed, (2\u2013)5\u201310(\u201318)kv\u011bt\u00e9, vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed okv\u011btn\u00ed l\u00edstky jsou a\u017e 17 mm dlouh\u00e9, zelen\u00e9, postrann\u00ed v doln\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti purpurov\u011b nab\u011bhl\u00e9, vnit\u0159n\u00ed okv\u011btn\u00ed l\u00edstky jsou pom\u011brn\u011b velk\u00e9, a\u017e 12 mm dlouh\u00e9, na\u017eloutl\u00e9, okrov\u011b a\u017e purpurov\u011b nab\u011bhl\u00e9, pysk je ned\u011blen\u00fd nebo a\u017e 3lalo\u010dn\u00fd, 10\u201317 mm dlouh\u00fd, tmav\u011b rudohn\u011bd\u00fd, kresba v\u011bt\u0161inou ve tvaru p\u00edsmene H (eventu\u00e1ln\u011b jen dv\u011b soub\u011b\u017en\u00e9 linie), p\u0159\u00edv\u011bsek velmi mal\u00fd, asi 2 mm dlouh\u00fd. Plodem je tobolka.<\/p>\n

Ohro\u017een\u00ed a ochrana:<\/strong> Druh pat\u0159\u00ed v Bulharsku k rostlin\u00e1m chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00fdm z\u00e1konem, je tak\u00e9 uveden v \u010cerven\u00e9 knize Srbska. P. Delforge p\u0159i\u0159azuje k tomuto druhu i Ophrys taurica<\/em> (Agg.) Nevski, kter\u00fd je uveden v \u010cerven\u00e9 knize Ukrajiny<\/a>. Stejn\u011b jako v\u0161echny ostatn\u00ed orchideje je i tento to\u0159i\u010d za\u0159azen k taxon\u016fm, kter\u00e9 jsou chr\u00e1n\u011bny \u00damluvou o mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edm obchodu s ohro\u017een\u00fdmi druhy CITES<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Pozn\u00e1mka:<\/strong> Druh Ophrys mammosa<\/em> popsal botanik R. L. Desfontaines<\/a> v roce 1807, a\u017e ve 20. stolet\u00ed jej K\u00e1roly Rezs\u00f6 So\u00f3 von Bere p\u0159i\u0159adil jako poddruh k velmi variabiln\u00edmu druhu Ophrys sphegodes<\/a><\/em>. Jako jeho poddruh je dodnes klasifikov\u00e1n mnoha dal\u0161\u00edmi autoritami. Samotn\u00fd druh Ophrys mammosa<\/em> je zna\u010dn\u011b prom\u011bnliv\u00fd, v are\u00e1lu se rozli\u0161uje \u0159ada jeho subspeci\u00ed, variet i forem, n\u011bkter\u00fdmi autory jsou tyto rostliny hodnoceny dokonce jako samostatn\u00e9 druhy (nap\u0159. Ophrys caucasica<\/em>, O. hystera<\/em>, O. macedonica<\/em>, O. morio<\/em>, O. transhyrcana<\/em> aj.). Jejich taxonomick\u00e1 hodnota je v\u0161ak p\u0159inejmen\u0161\u00edm sporn\u00e1.<\/p>\n

\"Ophrys\"Ophrys
\n\"Ophrys
\n\"Ophrys<\/p>\n

Fotografov\u00e1no ve dnech 27. 3. a 3. 4. 2010 (Kypr, okol\u00ed Lefkary a jihoz\u00e1padn\u011b od Platres<\/a>).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Syn.: Ophrys sphegodes subsp. mammosa (Desf.) So\u00f3 ex E. Nelson, Ophrys aranifera subsp. mammosa (Desf.) So\u00f3, Ophrys sphegodes subsp. taurica (Agg.) So\u00f3, Ophrys taurica (Agg.) Nevski \u010cele\u010f: Orchidaceae – vstava\u010dovit\u00e9<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":176274,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[8,25,15,12,22,50],"tags":[],"fifu_image_url":"\/foto\/ophrysmamherb1.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/botany.cz\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10306"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/botany.cz\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/botany.cz\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/botany.cz\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/botany.cz\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10306"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/botany.cz\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10306\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":213014,"href":"https:\/\/botany.cz\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10306\/revisions\/213014"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/botany.cz\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/176274"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/botany.cz\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10306"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/botany.cz\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10306"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/botany.cz\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10306"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}