{"id":1381,"date":"2007-07-22T11:57:43","date_gmt":"2007-07-22T09:57:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/botany.cz\/cs\/orchis-morio\/"},"modified":"2023-05-31T01:33:51","modified_gmt":"2023-05-31T00:33:51","slug":"orchis-morio","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/botany.cz\/cs\/orchis-morio\/","title":{"rendered":"ANACAMPTIS MORIO (L.) R. M. Bateman, Pridgeon et M. W. Chase &#8211; rudohl\u00e1vek kuka\u010dka \/ \u010dervenohlav oby\u010dajn\u00fd"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Syn.:<\/strong> <em>Herorchis morio<\/em> (L.) D. Tyteca et E. Klein, <em>Orchis crenulata<\/em> Gilib., <em>Orchis morio<\/em> L., <em>Orchis officinalis<\/em> Salisb.<br \/>\n<strong>\u010cesk\u00e1 jm\u00e9na:<\/strong> vstava\u010d obecn\u00fd, vstava\u010d, mu\u010fatka, \u017ee\u017ehulka (Presl 1846), vstava\u010d obecn\u00fd (Opiz 1852, Sloboda 1852, \u010celakovsk\u00fd 1879, Pol\u00edvka 1912), vstava\u010d kuka\u010dka (Dost\u00e1l 1950), vstava\u010d obecn\u00fd (Dost\u00e1l 1989), vstava\u010d kuka\u010dka (Kub\u00e1t 2002)<br \/>\n<strong>Slovensk\u00e1 jm\u00e9na:<\/strong> vstava\u010d oby\u010dajn\u00fd (Marhold et Hind\u00e1k 1998), \u010dervenohlav oby\u010dajn\u00fd (Vl\u010dko et al. 2003)<br \/>\n<strong>\u010cele\u010f:<\/strong> <a href=\"\/cs\/orchidaceae\/\"><i>Orchidaceae<\/i><\/a> &#8211; vstava\u010dovit\u00e9<!--more--><\/p>\n<p><img src=\"\/foto\/orchismorioherb.jpg\" alt=\"Anacamptis morio\" title=\"Anacamptis morio\"\/><\/p>\n<p><b>Roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed:<\/b> Evropa, krom\u011b nejsevern\u011bj\u0161\u00edch, nejji\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00edch a nejv\u00fdchodn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch oblast\u00ed, kde se vyskytuj\u00ed odli\u0161n\u00e1 plemena tohoto druhu.<br \/>\nU n\u00e1s d\u0159\u00edve pat\u0159il k nejhojn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm z\u00e1stupc\u016fm vstava\u010dovit\u00fdch, dnes je \u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed jen v Po\u0161umav\u00ed, v horn\u00edm Podyj\u00ed a v p\u0159edh\u016f\u0159\u00ed Karpat (p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm v ji\u017en\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti). <\/p>\n<p><b>Ekologie:<\/b> Roste na slunn\u00fdch a st\u0159edn\u011b vlhk\u00fdch louk\u00e1ch, k\u0159ovinat\u00fdch str\u00e1n\u00edch, tak\u00e9 ve sv\u011btl\u00fdch les\u00edch, v p\u00e1smu od n\u00ed\u017ein do podh\u016f\u0159\u00ed. Kvete od kv\u011btna do \u010dervna.<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"\/foto\/orchismorioherb2.jpg\" alt=\"Anacamptis morio\"\/><\/p>\n<p><b>Popis:<\/b> Vytrval\u00e1 bylina, 8\u201340 cm vysok\u00e1, lodyha p\u0159\u00edm\u00e1, doln\u00ed listy kopinat\u00e9, a\u017e 14 cm dlouh\u00e9, \u0161edozelen\u00e9, horn\u00ed krat\u0161\u00ed, pochvovit\u00e9. Kv\u011btenstv\u00edm je a\u017e 13 cm dlouh\u00fd hrozen, kv\u011bty jsou sv\u011btle a\u017e tmav\u011b nachov\u00e9, vz\u00e1cn\u011b i b\u00edl\u00e9, \u0161\u00ed\u0159ka pysku je v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e jeho d\u00e9lka. Plodem je tobolka.<br \/>\nDruh je velice variabiln\u00ed a mnohotv\u00e1rn\u00fd, je u n\u00e1s zastoupen nomin\u00e1tn\u00edm poddruhem <em>Anacamptis morio<\/em> subsp. <em>morio<\/em> a b\u00fdv\u00e1 u n\u011bj rozli\u0161ov\u00e1na \u0159ada forem. Odli\u0161nosti se projevuj\u00ed v barv\u011b kv\u011btu (od nachov\u00e9 a r\u016f\u017eov\u00e9 a\u017e po b\u00edlou), tvaru a velikosti pysku, v\u00fd\u0161ce rostliny apod. <\/p>\n<p><b>Ohro\u017een\u00ed a ochrana:<\/b> Kdysi hojn\u00fd druh vyhynul kv\u016fli zm\u011bn\u00e1m v obhospoda\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed krajiny na drtiv\u00e9 v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b sv\u00fdch n\u011bkdej\u0161\u00edch stanovi\u0161\u0165. Proto je z hlediska ohro\u017een\u00ed hodnocen v \u010cerven\u00e9m seznamu jako kriticky ohro\u017een\u00fd druh na\u0161\u00ed kv\u011bteny <a href=\"\/cs\/cerveny-seznam\/\">(C1b)<\/a>, ve kategorii siln\u011b ohro\u017een\u00fdch je chr\u00e1n\u011bn podle z\u00e1kona <a href=\"\/cs\/chranene-rostliny\/\">(\u00a72)<\/a>, podl\u00e9h\u00e1 tak\u00e9 ochran\u011b mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed \u00famluvy <a href=\"\/cs\/cites\/\">CITES<\/a>. Na Slovensku je \u0159azen k druh\u016fm potenci\u00e1ln\u011b zraniteln\u00fdm, tak\u00e9 zde je chr\u00e1n\u011bn z\u00e1konem <a href=\"\/cs\/chranene-rastliny-slovenska\/\">(NT\/\u00a7)<\/a>. V\u00fdrazn\u011b ustoupil i u na\u0161ich severn\u00edch soused\u016f v Polsku, je zde za\u0159azen k siln\u011b ohro\u017een\u00fdm druh\u016fm, tak\u00e9 v t\u00e9to zemi jej chr\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1kon <a href=\"\/cs\/chranene-rostliny-polska\/\">(EN\/\u00a7)<\/a>, stejn\u011b tak v <a href=\"\/cs\/chranene-rostliny-madarska\/\">Ma\u010farsku<\/a> a na <a href=\"\/cs\/chranene-rostliny-ukrajiny\/\">Ukrajin\u011b<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Vyu\u017eit\u00ed:<\/strong> Hl\u00edzy n\u011bkter\u00fdch druh\u016f vstava\u010dovit\u00fdch jsou dodnes v n\u011bkter\u00fdch oblastech sv\u011bta (p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm na Bl\u00edzk\u00e9m v\u00fdchod\u011b) sb\u00edr\u00e1ny a je z nich p\u0159ipravov\u00e1n n\u00e1poj jm\u00e9nem <a href=\"\/cs\/co-je-salep\/\">salep<\/a>. Ten m\u00e1 m\u00edt \u00fadajn\u011b z\u00e1zra\u010dn\u00fd vliv na mu\u017eskou potenci &#8211; v\u0161e je odvozeno ze st\u0159edov\u011bk\u00e9 p\u0159edstavy, \u017ee podobnost hl\u00edz k mu\u017esk\u00fdm pohlavn\u00edm org\u00e1n\u016fm je dostate\u010dnou garanc\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinnosti t\u00e9to drogy na mu\u017eskou impotenci. Tato absurdn\u00ed p\u0159edstava devastuje zcela zbyte\u010dn\u011b statis\u00edce rostlin ro\u010dn\u011b, jsou p\u0159itom ni\u010deny i druhy velmi vz\u00e1cn\u00e9 a jedine\u010dn\u00e9. Pit\u00ed salepu je nutno hodnotit jako bezb\u0159eh\u00e9 a neomluviteln\u00e9 barbarstv\u00ed v\u016f\u010di p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Pozn\u00e1mka:<\/strong> D\u0159\u00edve byl \u010dasto druh \u0159azen k rodu <em>Orchis<\/em> (jako <em>Orchis morio<\/em>), k jeho p\u0159e\u0159azen\u00ed vedly z\u00e1v\u011bry molekul\u00e1rn\u00edch anal\u00fdz.<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"\/foto\/orchismorio1.jpg\" alt=\"Anacamptis morio\"\/><img src=\"\/foto\/orchismorio2.jpg\" alt=\"Anacamptis morio\"\/><br \/>\n<img src=\"\/foto\/orchismorio1a.jpg\" alt=\"Anacamptis morio\"\/><img src=\"\/foto\/orchismorio4.jpg\" alt=\"Anacamptis morio\"\/><br \/>\n<img src=\"\/foto\/kukackabila.jpg\" alt=\"Anacamptis morio\"\/><img src=\"\/foto\/orchismorio3.jpg\" alt=\"Anacamptis morio\"\/><\/p>\n<p>Fotografovali Ladislav Hoskovec, ve dnech 18. 5. a 20. 6. 2003 (\u010cesko, <a href=\"\/cs\/certoryje\/\">Morava, B\u00edl\u00e9 Karpaty, \u010certoryje<\/a>); Zden\u011bk Pode\u0161va, ve dnech 5. 5. 2003 a 15. 5. 2004 (B\u00edl\u00e9 Potoky a louky pod Javorovou); Tom\u00e1\u0161 Mr\u00e1zek, dne 5. 5. 2007 (b\u011blokv\u011bt\u00fd exempl\u00e1\u0159: \u010cechy, \u0160umava, Javorn\u00edk).<\/p>\n<div class=\"nastred\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script><br \/>\n<!-- doporu\u010deno --><br \/>\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\n     style=\"display:inline-block;width:336px;height:280px\"\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-5451212302176129\"\n     data-ad-slot=\"3546434299\"><\/ins><br \/>\n<script>\n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Syn.: Herorchis morio (L.) D. Tyteca et E. Klein, Orchis crenulata Gilib., Orchis morio L., Orchis officinalis Salisb. \u010cesk\u00e1 jm\u00e9na: vstava\u010d obecn\u00fd, vstava\u010d, mu\u010fatka, \u017ee\u017ehulka (Presl 1846), vstava\u010d obecn\u00fd (Opiz 1852, Sloboda 1852, \u010celakovsk\u00fd 1879, Pol\u00edvka 1912), vstava\u010d kuka\u010dka (Dost\u00e1l 1950), vstava\u010d obecn\u00fd (Dost\u00e1l 1989), vstava\u010d kuka\u010dka (Kub\u00e1t 2002) Slovensk\u00e1 jm\u00e9na: vstava\u010d oby\u010dajn\u00fd (Marhold et &#8230; <a title=\"ANACAMPTIS MORIO (L.) R. M. Bateman, Pridgeon et M. W. Chase &#8211; rudohl\u00e1vek kuka\u010dka \/ \u010dervenohlav oby\u010dajn\u00fd\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/botany.cz\/cs\/orchis-morio\/\" aria-label=\"V\u00edce na ANACAMPTIS MORIO (L.) R. M. Bateman, Pridgeon et M. W. Chase &#8211; rudohl\u00e1vek kuka\u010dka \/ \u010dervenohlav oby\u010dajn\u00fd\">\u010c\u00edst d\u00e1l<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":175007,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[16,8,25,15,12,22],"tags":[],"fifu_image_url":"\/foto\/orchismorioherb.jpg","fifu_image_alt":"ANACAMPTIS MORIO (L.) R. M. Bateman, Pridgeon et M. W. Chase \u2013 rudohl\u00e1vek kuka\u010dka \/ \u010dervenohlav oby\u010dajn\u00fd","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/botany.cz\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1381"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/botany.cz\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/botany.cz\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/botany.cz\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/botany.cz\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1381"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/botany.cz\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1381\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":216101,"href":"https:\/\/botany.cz\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1381\/revisions\/216101"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/botany.cz\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/175007"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/botany.cz\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1381"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/botany.cz\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1381"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/botany.cz\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1381"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}