{"id":1494,"date":"2007-08-09T21:27:09","date_gmt":"2007-08-09T19:27:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/botany.cz\/cs\/gentianella-praecox-a-et-j-kerner-e-mayer-horecek-mnohotvary-horcek-vcasny\/"},"modified":"2019-12-31T09:28:21","modified_gmt":"2019-12-31T08:28:21","slug":"gentianella-praecox","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/botany.cz\/cs\/gentianella-praecox\/","title":{"rendered":"GENTIANELLA PRAECOX (A. Kern. et Jos. Kern.) E. Mayer – ho\u0159e\u010dek mnohotvar\u00fd \/ hor\u010dek v\u010dasn\u00fd"},"content":{"rendered":"

Syn.:<\/strong> Gentiana praecox<\/em> A. et J. Kerner, Gentiana polymorpha<\/em> Wettst., Gentianella gabretae<\/em> Skalick\u00fd
\n\u010cele\u010f:<\/strong> Gentianaceae<\/em> Juss.<\/a> – ho\u0159covit\u00e9<\/p>\n

\"Gentianella<\/p>\n

Roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed:<\/b> Subendemit \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky – krom\u011b na\u0161eho \u00fazem\u00ed zasahuje are\u00e1l druhu i do Horn\u00edch Rakous a Bavorska. V \u010desk\u00e9 literatu\u0159e se v\u011bt\u0161inou uv\u00e1d\u00ed, \u017ee mimo \u00fazem\u00ed \u010cR je roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed druhu nedostate\u010dn\u011b zn\u00e1m\u00e9, v\u011bt\u0161inou se hovo\u0159\u00ed jen o lokalit\u00e1ch v N\u011bmecku a Rakousku. Polsk\u00e1 botanika (nap\u0159. Zbigniew Mirek) jej v\u0161ak zaznamen\u00e1v\u00e1 na \u00fazem\u00ed na\u0161ich severn\u00edch soused\u016f tak\u00e9 (v poddruhu Gentianella bohemica<\/em>).<\/p>\n

Ekologie:<\/b> Roste velmi vz\u00e1cn\u011b na kr\u00e1tkost\u00e9beln\u00fdch louk\u00e1ch, pastvin\u00e1ch a sv\u011btl\u00fdch lesn\u00edch lemech, v p\u00e1smu od pahorkatiny a\u017e do hor.
\n\"Gentianella<\/p>\n

Popis:<\/b> Dvoulet\u00e1 bylina, 10\u201340 cm vysok\u00e1, lodyha p\u0159\u00edm\u00e1, p\u0159\u00edzemn\u00ed listy \u00fazce obvej\u010dit\u00e9 a\u017e kopis\u0165ovit\u00e9, za kv\u011btu v\u011bt\u0161inou ji\u017e zaschl\u00e9, kali\u0161n\u00ed c\u00edpy del\u0161\u00ed na\u017e korunn\u00ed trubka, z\u00e1\u0159ezy mezi kali\u0161n\u00edmi c\u00edpy jsou zna\u010dn\u011b prom\u011bnliv\u00e9, a to jak do ostr\u00e9ho V, tak do \u0161irok\u00e9ho U, \u0161irok\u00e9 U je v\u0161ak v\u017edy na z\u00e1\u0159ezech kalichu patrn\u00e9. Kv\u011btn\u00ed obaly 5\u010detn\u00e9, koruna sv\u011btle modrofialov\u00e1. Plodem je tobolka.
\nRozli\u0161uj\u00ed se dva poddruhy tohoto velmi prom\u011bnliv\u00e9ho druhu – G. p.<\/em> subsp. praecox<\/em> (kvete v \u010dervnu a \u010dervenci, lody\u017en\u00ed listy jsou na vrcholu tup\u00e9, celkov\u011b jsou krat\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e internodia, kv\u011btenstv\u00ed je pom\u011brn\u011b chud\u00e9) a G. p.<\/em> subsp. bohemica<\/em> (na na\u0161ich sn\u00edmc\u00edch – kvete od srpna do z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed, lody\u017en\u00ed listy jsou na vrcholu \u0161pi\u010dat\u00e9 a del\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e internodia, rostliny jsou v\u011bt\u0161inou bohat\u011b v\u011btven\u00e9).<\/p>\n

Ohro\u017een\u00ed a ochrana:<\/b> Druh je velmi citliv\u00fd na ne\u017e\u00e1dnouc\u00ed zm\u011bny na stanovi\u0161ti, v posledn\u00edch desetilet\u00edch siln\u011b ustoupil, letn\u00ed poddruh G. p.<\/em> subsp. praecox<\/em>, kter\u00fd se vyskytoval na \u0160umav\u011b, ji\u017e dokonce vyhynul (A1)<\/a>, posledn\u00ed doklady o jeho v\u00fdskytu poch\u00e1zej\u00ed z roku 1914. Autumn\u00e1ln\u00ed forma G. p.<\/em> subsp. bohemica<\/em> (na t\u011bchto fotografi\u00edch) p\u0159e\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 na jihu a severov\u00fdchod\u011b \u010cech, tak\u00e9 na z\u00e1padn\u00ed a st\u0159edn\u00ed Morav\u011b. Tento poddruh je za\u0159azen ke kriticky ohro\u017een\u00fdm rostlin\u00e1m na\u0161\u00ed kv\u011bteny (C1t)<\/a>, z\u00e1konem je chr\u00e1n\u011bn ve stejn\u00e9 kategorii (\u00a71)<\/a>. Je uveden i mezi chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00fdmi rostlinami v seznamu NATURA (Sm\u011brnice 92\/43\/EHS „O stanovi\u0161t\u00edch“).<\/p>\n

\"Gentianella\"Gentianella
\n\"Gentianella<\/p>\n

Fotografov\u00e1no ve dnech 14. 9. 2004 a 30. 8. 2005 (\u010cesko, \u010cechy, v Ole\u0161nici v Orlick\u00fdch hor\u00e1ch, v PR Ho\u0159e\u010dky).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Syn.: Gentiana praecox A. et J. Kerner, Gentiana polymorpha Wettst., Gentianella gabretae Skalick\u00fd \u010cele\u010f: Gentianaceae Juss. – ho\u0159covit\u00e9<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":18,"featured_media":175111,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[8,25,42,15,12],"tags":[],"fifu_image_url":"\/foto\/gentianellapraherb1.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/botany.cz\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1494"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/botany.cz\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/botany.cz\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/botany.cz\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/18"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/botany.cz\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1494"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/botany.cz\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1494\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/botany.cz\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/175111"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/botany.cz\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1494"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/botany.cz\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1494"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/botany.cz\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1494"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}